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Expert Guide to House Painting Trends & Techniques | Foot2Feet
: Find the latest wall paint design ideas, pro painting techniques, and color psychology to elevate your home. Find top house painters near you and learn how to choose eco-friendly paints for stunning, long-lasting results.
Introduction
When it comes to construction and home improvement, few elements have as dramatic an impact as a fresh coat of paint. House painting is more than just slapping color on walls - it's an important aspect of construction that protects surfaces, enhances aesthetics, and can completely transform the look and feel of a space.
Whether you're tackling home painting yourself or searching for "painting companies near me" to handle a big project, understanding the ins and outs of painting in construction is key to achieving beautiful, long-lasting results.
In this article, we'll explore everything you need to know about painting in modern construction - from choosing the right paints and finishes to mastering techniques for flawless application.
We'll also dive into exciting wall paint design trends, share wall painting ideas to inspire your next project, and offer tips on finding the best house painters in your area. So grab your brushes and let's roll into the colorful world of construction painting!
The Importance of Paint in Construction
While many view painting as purely decorative, it actually serves several critical functions in construction:
- Protection: Paint creates a barrier that shields surfaces from moisture, UV rays, and wear-and-tear. This is especially important for exterior house painting.
- Durability: Quality paints increase the lifespan of materials like wood, metal, and drywall.
- Cleanliness: Painted surfaces are much easier to clean and maintain than raw materials.
- Value: Fresh, attractive paint boosts curb appeal and increases property values.
- Health: Low-VOC paints improve indoor air quality compared to unfinished surfaces.
- Aesthetics: Of course, paint dramatically enhances the visual appeal of any space.
With benefits like these, it's clear why painting work is considered an essential part of the construction process. Now let's look at how to choose the right paints for your project.
Selecting the Best Paints for Construction
Not all paints are created equal when it comes to construction applications. Here are some key factors to consider
- Interior vs. Exterior: Exterior paints are formulated to withstand harsh weather, while interior paints focus on washability and low odor.
- Surface Material: Different paints adhere better to wood, metal, masonry, etc. Always use paints designed for your specific surface.
- Sheen: From flat to high-gloss, sheen impacts both appearance and durability. Higher sheens are more washable but show imperfections.
- VOC Content: Low-VOC paints reduce indoor air pollution and odors.
- Quality: Higher-quality paints offer better coverage, durability, and color retention. They're worth the investment, especially for exterior painting.
For most interior home painting projects, a premium acrylic latex paint is an excellent all-around choice. For exteriors, 100% acrylic paints offer superior weather resistance and flexibility. Always consult with paint professionals or manufacturers to select the optimal product for your specific needs.
According to recent market research, the average cost of interior house painting in India ranges from ₹12-₹35 per square foot for labor, with paint costs adding ₹15-₹40 per square foot depending on quality. Exterior painting tends to be slightly more expensive, averaging ₹15-₹45 per square foot for labor plus paint costs.
Practice of Painting of Bridges in Indian Railways
For Steel bridges, the following pain guidelines is the ideal scenario:
1. Primer Coats
For locations with mild corrosion:
- Use one heavy coat of ready-mixed red lead primer (IS:102-1962) or
- One coat of zinc chromate primer (IS:104-1979) followed by one coat of red oxide zinc chrome primer (IS:2074-1992)
For locations with severe corrosion:
- Apply two coats of ready-mixed red lead primer (IS:102-1962) or
- One coat of zinc chromate primer (IS:104-1979) followed by one coat of zinc chrome red oxide primer (IS:2074-1992)
2. Finishing Coats
For mild corrosion areas: Apply two finishing coats of red oxide paint (IS-123)
For severe corrosion areas: Apply two coats of aluminum paint (IS:2339-1963)
3. Metallising
For enhanced protection, especially in severe environments, consider metallising with sprayed aluminum to 150 micron thickness, followed by oil painting:
- Wash with thinner
- Apply one coat of etch primer (IS 5666-1970)
- Apply one coat of zinc chrome primer (IS 104-1979)
- Finish with two coats of aluminum paint (IS 2339-1963)
4. Epoxy-based Paints
For existing steel structures, epoxy-based paints offer excellent adhesion and abrasion resistance:
- Surface preparation: Remove oil/grease and prepare surface by sand/grit blasting or wire brushing
- Primer: Two coats of epoxy zinc phosphate primer (RDSO specification M&C/PCN-102/86)
- Intermediate coat: One coat of epoxy micaceous iron oxide paint (RDSO specification M&C/PCN103/86)
5. Finishing coat
a) For coastal locations: Two coats of polyurethane aluminum finishing (RDSO specification M&C/PCN-110/88)
b) For other locations: Polyurethane red oxide (RDSO specification M&C/PCN109/88)
Essential Painting Techniques for Flawless Results
Whether you're a DIY enthusiast or professional painter, mastering proper painting techniques is important for achieving a smooth, long-lasting finish. Here are some key tips:
- Prep Work: Thorough surface preparation is essential. Clean, sand, and prime surfaces as needed before painting.
- Cut In First: Use an angled brush to "cut in" around edges and trim before rolling larger areas.
- The W Technique: When rolling, use W-shaped strokes to ensure even coverage without lap marks.
- Maintain a Wet Edge: Always paint into wet areas to avoid visible lines between sections.
- Multiple Thin Coats: It's better to apply several thin coats rather than one thick coat for optimal coverage and durability.
- Proper Tools: Invest in quality brushes, rollers, and other tools appropriate for your paint and surface.
For more detailed guidance on painting techniques, check out this helpful tutorial from Sherwin-Williams.
Exciting Wall Paint Design Trends to Transform Your Space
Gone are the days when painting simply meant choosing a color and rolling it on. Today's wall paint design trends offer exciting ways to add personality and visual interest to any room. Here are some popular ideas to consider.
Create a Focal Point using Accent Walls
One of the most popular house painting techniques is the accent wall. By painting one wall in a bold, contrasting color, you can create a striking focal point that draws the eye and adds depth to your room.
When choosing colors for your accent wall, consider the psychological effects of different hues:
- Red: Exciting and stimulating, perfect for living rooms or dining areas
- Blue: Calming and relaxing, ideal for bedrooms or bathrooms
- Yellow: Cheerful and energizing, great for kitchens or home offices
Modern Geometric Designs using Color Blocking
For a contemporary look, hire a painter near me to create geometric shapes using tape and different colors. This wall painting idea is perfect for those who want to add a touch of artistic flair to their space.
Consider using complementary colors from the chromatic circle to create visually striking combinations.
Dreamy Color Gradients with Ombre
Gradually blending two or more colors creates a dreamy, ethereal effect known as ombre. This sophisticated wall painting technique can make a room feel larger and more open. For best results, choose colors that are adjacent on the color wheel, such as:
- Blue to green
- Yellow to orange
- Pink to purple
Adding Depth and Character with Textured Finishes
Painting companies near me often offer specialized techniques to add texture and depth to your walls. Some popular options include:
- Sponging
- Ragging
- Color washing
- Venetian plaster
These techniques can add a luxurious, high-end feel to any room in your home.
Visually Alter Your Space with Stripes
Horizontal or vertical stripes can dramatically change the perception of a room's dimensions. Horizontal stripes can make a space feel wider, while vertical stripes can create the illusion of higher ceilings. This wall painting idea is particularly effective in smaller rooms or areas with low ceilings.
Intricate Patterns and Designs using Stencils
Use stencils to add intricate patterns or designs to your walls. This versatile house painting technique allows you to create everything from delicate floral motifs to bold geometric patterns. Stencils are an excellent option for those who want to achieve a wallpaper-like effect without the hassle of actual wallpaper.
Custom Artistic Statements with Murals
For a truly one-of-a-kind statement wall, consider commissioning a custom mural from a local artist or skilled house painter. Murals can range from realistic landscapes to abstract designs, allowing you to express your personality and style in a big way.
Color Psychology in Home Painting
When planning your wall painting project, consider the psychological effects of different colors:
- Green: Refreshing and natural, ideal for creating a calming atmosphere
- Orange: Energetic and warm, perfect for social spaces
- Purple: Luxurious and mysterious, great for bedrooms or formal areas
Adding Glamour with Metallic Accents
Incorporate metallic paint accents to add a touch of glamour and sophistication to your space. Gold, silver, or copper details can create a stunning effect when combined with matte or glossy finishes.
Two-Tone Walls: Balancing Act with Two-Tone Walls
Divide your walls horizontally with two complementary colors to create a balanced and visually interesting look. This wall painting idea is particularly effective in rooms with high ceilings.
While some wall painting ideas can be tackled as DIY projects, others may require the skills of a professional painter. Consider your experience level, the complexity of the design, and the time you can commit before deciding whether to hire a painting company near me or take on the project yourself.
Finding the Right Painting Professionals
While many homeowners enjoy DIY painting, larger or more complex projects often benefit from professional expertise. If you're searching for "painters near me" or "painting companies near me," here are some tips for finding reputable house painters:
- Get Multiple Quotes: Aim for at least three estimates to compare pricing and services.
- Check References: Ask for and contact references from past clients.
- Verify Credentials: Ensure the company is licensed, insured, and bonded if required in your area.
- Read Reviews: Check online reviews on sites like Google and HomeAdvisor.
- Ask About Materials: Quality painters will use premium paints and materials.
- Get It in Writing: Always get a detailed written contract before work begins.
When evaluating quotes, remember that the cheapest option isn't always the best value. Experienced, reputable painters may charge more but often deliver superior results that last longer.
The Environmental Impact of Paint
As sustainability becomes an increasingly important consideration in construction, many homeowners and builders are opting for eco-friendly paint options. These paints offer several benefits:
- Improved Indoor Air Quality: Low-VOC and zero-VOC paints reduce harmful emissions.
- Reduced Environmental Impact: Many eco-friendly paints use renewable resources and sustainable manufacturing processes.
- Health Benefits: Non-toxic formulas are safer for painters and building occupants, especially those with sensitivities.
Some top eco-friendly paint brands available in India include:
- Nilaya by Asian Paints: Offers a range of low-VOC options.
- Berger Breathe Easy: Features ultra-low VOC content and anti-bacterial properties.
- Nippon Paint Odour-less: Provides excellent coverage with minimal odor and VOCs.
While eco-friendly paints may cost slightly more upfront, their long-term benefits to health and the environment make them a worthwhile investment for many projects.
Using Color Psychology in Construction
The colors we surround ourselves with can have a significant impact on our mood, productivity, and overall well-being. When planning your home painting project, consider the psychological effects of different colors:
- Blue: Calming and productive, ideal for bedrooms and offices.
- Green: Refreshing and balancing, great for living areas and kitchens.
- Yellow: Energizing and cheerful, perfect for entryways and dining rooms.
- Red: Stimulating and exciting, use sparingly as an accent color.
- Purple: Associated with luxury and creativity, suitable for formal spaces.
- Neutral: Tones like beige, gray, and white create a versatile backdrop that can be easily accessorized.
Maintaining Your Painted Surfaces for Long-Lasting Beauty
Proper maintenance is key to preserving the beauty and integrity of your painted surfaces. Here are some tips to keep your paint looking fresh:
- Clean Regularly: Dust and wipe down painted surfaces to prevent dirt buildup.
- Address Stains Promptly: Tackle spills and marks as soon as possible to prevent staining.
- Touch Up as Needed: Keep leftover paint for small touch-ups to maintain a fresh look.
- Inspect Annually: Check for signs of wear, peeling, or damage and address issues early.
- Repaint on Schedule: Interior walls typically need repainting every 3-5 years, while exteriors may last 5-10 years with proper care.
By following these maintenance practices, you can extend the life of your paint job and keep your space looking its best for years to come.
Key Takeaways
From protecting surfaces to creating stunning visual effects, painting plays a important role in modern construction. Whether you're planning a DIY home painting project or searching for professional "painters near me," understanding the basics of construction painting empowers you to make informed decisions and achieve beautiful results.
Ready to transform your space with the perfect paint job? Look no further than Foot2Feet Construction Services and Consultation. Our team of experienced house painters in Pune, Maharashtra, India, specializes in both interior and exterior painting for residential and commercial projects. We use only premium, eco-friendly paints and employ the latest techniques to ensure flawless, long-lasting results.
Visit www.foot2feet.com today to learn more about our painting services and request a free consultation. Let us help you bring your vision to life with the perfect palette for your home or business!
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
1. How long does a typical house painting project take?
The duration of a painting project depends on factors like the size of the space, amount of prep work needed, and number of coats required. On average, painting a single room might take 1-2 days, while painting an entire house interior could take 3-7 days.
2. What's the best time of year for exterior house painting?
In most climates, late spring through early fall offers ideal conditions for exterior painting. Temperatures should be between 50-85°F (10-29°C) with low humidity for optimal paint adhesion and drying.
3. How can I ensure my paint color looks good in my space?
Always test paint samples in your actual space before committing. Paint large swatches on different walls and observe how the color looks in various lighting conditions throughout the day.
4. Is it necessary to prime before painting?
Priming is often recommended, especially when painting over dark colors, raw materials, or stained surfaces. However, many modern paints include built-in primers that may be sufficient for some applications.
5. How can I calculate how much paint I need for my project?
As a general rule, one gallon (3.8 liters) of paint covers about 400 square feet (37 square meters) of surface area. For more precise calculations, use an online paint calculator tool or consult with a paint professional.
UDCPR 2020 Chapter 12 is all about the Structural Safety, Water supply, Drainage, and Sanitary Requirements, Outdoor Display, And Other Services in Development Plans as per mentioned in the UDCPR
This is Applicable to all Planning Authorities and Regional Plan Areas except Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Other Planning Authorities/Special Planning Authorities/ Development Authorities within the limit of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, MIDC, NAINA, Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, Hill Station Municipal Councils, Eco-sensitive/Eco-fragile region notified by MoEF & CC and Lonavala Municipal Council, in Maharashtra.
Rule No. 12.7 Signs and Outdoor Display Structures
12.7.1
The display of advertising signs on buildings and land, shall be in accordance with Part - 10, Section 2 "Signs and outdoor display structures" of the National Building Code of India as amended from time to time and, shall be in accordance with respective rules/by-laws, directive given by Government, and also rules/by-laws framed by the Authority in this regards from time to time.
12.7.2 Prohibition of advertising signs and outdoor display structure in certain cases
Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-regulations, no advertising sign or outdoor display structures shall be permitted on buildings of architectural, aesthetical, historical, or heritage importance as may be decided by the Authority or on Government Buildings save that in the case of Government buildings only advertising signs or outdoor display structure may be permitted if they relate to the activities for the said buildings’ own purposes or related programmers.
Table No.12-C : Sanitation Requirements - Office Buildings | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Public Toilets | Staff Toilets | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Executive Rooms and Conference Halls in Office Buildings a Toilet suite comprising one WC, one washbasin (with optional shower stall if the building is used round the clock at user’s option)
Pantry optional as per user requirement | The unit could be common for Males/Females or separate depending on the number of users of each facility | For individual officer rooms | ||
| ii) | Main Office Toilets for Staff and Visitors | ||||
| a) Water-closet | 1 per 25 | 1 per 15 | 1 per 25 | 1 per 15 | |
| b) Urinals | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 2 for 21-45 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 2 for 21-45 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | |||
| Add @ 3% for | 101-200 | 101-200 | |||
| Add @ 2.5 % | Over 200 | Over 200 | |||
Table No.12-D : Sanitation Requirements – Factories | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Offices / Visitors | Workers | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Water Closets (Workers & Staf | 1 for up to 25 2 for 16-35 3 for 36-65 4 for 66-10 | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-25 5 for 58-77 6 for 78-100 | 1 for up to 15 4 for 66-10 | 1 for up to 12 and 2 for 13-25 5 for 58-77 |
| For persons 101 - 200 add | 3% | 5% | 3% | 5% | |
| For persons over 200 add | 2.5 % | 4% | 2.5 % | 4% | |
| ii) | Urinals | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | - | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | - |
| For persons 101 - 200 add | 3% | 5% | 3% | 5% | |
| For persons over 200 add | 2.5% | 4% | 2.5% | 4% | |
Table No.12-E : Sanitation Requirements - Cinema, Multiplex Cinema, Concerts and Convention Halls, Theatres | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No | Fixtures | Public | Staff | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Water-closets | 1 per 100 up to 400 Over 400, add at 1 per 250 or part thereof | 3 per 100 up to 200 Over 200, add at 2 per 100 or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 | 1 for up to 12 2 for 13-25 |
| ii) | Urinals | 1 per 25 or part thereof | - | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 2 for 21-45 | - |
| NOTE - The male population may be assumed as two-thirds and the two-thirds female population as one-third. | |||||
Table No.12-F- Sanitation Requirements - Art Galleries, Libraries and Museums | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Public | Staff | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Water-closets | 1 per 200 up to 400 Over 400 add at 1 per 250 or part thereof | 1 per 100 up to 200 Over 200 add at 1 per 150 or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 | 1 for up to 12 and 2 for 13-25 |
| ii) | Urinals | 1 per 50 | - | Nil up to 6 1 per 7-20 2 per 21-45 | - |
| Notes - The male population may be assumed as two-third and the female population as one-third. | |||||
Table No.12-G Sanitation Requirements - Hospitals with Indoor Patient Wards | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Patient Toilets | Staff Toilets | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Toilet suite comprising one WC The male two-thirds one washbasin and shower stall | Private room with up to 4 patients | For individual doctor’s/officer’s rooms | ||
| For General Wards, Hospital Staff and Visitors | |||||
| ii) | Water-closets | 1 per 8 beds or part thereof | 1 per 8 beds or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 | 1 for up to 12 2 for 13-25 |
| iii) | Urinals | 1 per 30 beds | - | Nil up to 6 1 for 7 to 20 | - |
| Note - Male population may be assumed as two-thirds and the female population as one-third. | |||||
Table No.12-H Sanitation Requirements - Hospitals - Outdoor Patient Department | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No | Fixtures | Patient Toilets | Staff Toilets | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Toilet suite comprising one WC and one washbasin (with optional shower stall if building used for 24 h) | For up to 4 patients | For individual doctor’s / officer’s rooms | ||
| ii) | Water-closets | 1 per 100 persons or part thereof | 2 per 100 persons or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 | 1 for up to 12 2 for 13-25 |
| iii) | Urinals | 1 per 50 persons or part thereof | - | Nil up to 6 1 per 7 to 20 2 per 21-45 | - |
| Note - The male population may be assumed as two-third and the female population as one-third. | |||||
Table No.12-I Sanitation Requirements - Hospitals’ Administrative Buildings | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No | Fixtures | Staff Toilets | |
| Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| i) | Toilet suite comprising one WC and one washbasin (with optional shower stall if building used for 24 h) | For individual doctor’s/officer’s rooms | |
| ii) | Water-closets | 1 per 25 persons or part thereof | 1 per 15 persons or part thereof |
| iii) | Urinals | Nil up to 6 1 per 7 to 20 2 per 21-45 | |
| Note - Some WCs may be European style if desired. | |||
Table No.12-J Sanitation Requirements - Hospitals’ Staff Quarters and Nurses Homes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No | Fixtures | Staff Quarters | Nurses Homes | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Water-closets | 1 per 4 persons or part thereof | 1 per 4 persons or part thereof | 1 per 4 persons or part thereof 2 for 16-35 | 1 per 4 persons or part thereof 2 for 16-35 |
Table No.12-K Sanitation Requirements - Hotels | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Public Rooms | Non-Residential Staff | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Toilet suite comprising one WC, washbasin with shower or a bathtub | Individual guest rooms with attached toilets | - | ||
| Guest Rooms with Common Facilities | |||||
| ii) | Water-closets | 1 per 100 persons up to 400 Over 400 add at 1 per 250 or part thereof | 2 per 100 persons up to 200 Over 200 add at 1 per 100 or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 3 for 36-65 4 for 66-100 | 1 for up to 12 4 for 41-57 5 for 58-77 6 for 78-100 |
| iii) | Urinals | 1 per 50 persons or part thereof | Nil, up to 6 persons: 1 for 7-20 persons 2 for 21-45 persons 3 for 46-70 persons 4 for 71-100 persons | Nil up to 6 1 for 7 to 20 2 for 21-45 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | - |
| Note - The male population may be assumed to be the male two-thirds and the female population as one-third. | |||||
Table No.12-L Sanitation Requirements – Restaurants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Public Rooms | Non-Residential Staff | ||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| i) | Water Closets | 1 per 50 seats up to 200 Over 200 add at 1 per 100 or part thereof | 2 per 50 seats up to 200 Over 200 add at 1 per 100 or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 3 for 36-65 4 for 66-100 | 1 for up to 12 2 for 13-25 5 for 58-77 6 for 78-100 |
| ii) | Urinals | 1 per 50 persons or part thereof | -- | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 2 for 21-45 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | -- |
| NOTE : The male population may be assumed as two-thirds and the female population as one-third. | |||||
Table No.12-M Sanitation Requirements – Schools and Educational Institutions | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr.No | Fixtures | Nursery School | Non-Residential | Residential | ||
| Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | |||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) |
| i) | Water Closets | 1 per 15 pupils or part thereof | 1 for 40 pupils or part thereof | 1 per 25 pupils or part thereof | 1 per 8 pupils or part thereof | 1 per 6 pupils or part thereof |
| ii) | Urinals | -- | 1 per 20 pupils or part thereof | -- | 1 per 25 pupils or part thereof | -- |
Table No.12-N Sanitation Requirements – Hostels | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Resident | Non-Resident | Visitor / Common Rooms | |||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
| i) | Water Closet | 1 per 8 or part thereof | 1 per 6 or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 | 1 for up to 12 2 for 13-25 5 for 58-77 6 for 78-100 | 1 per 100 up to 400 Over 400 add at 1 per 250 | 1 per 200 up to 200 Over 200 add at 1 per 100 |
| ii) | Urinals | 1 per 25 or part thereof | -- | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 | -- | 1 per 50 or part thereof | -- |
Table No.12-O Sanitation Requirements – Mercantile Buildings, Commercial Complexes, Shopping Malls, Fruit & Vegetable Markets | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Shop Owners | Common Toilets in Market / Mall Building | Public Toilet for Floating Population | |||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
| i) | Water Closets | 1 per 8 persons or part thereof | 1 for up to 15 2 for 16-35 | 1 for up to 12 2 for 13-25 5 for 58-77 6 for 78-100 | 1 per 50 (Minimum 2) | 1 per 50 (Minimum 2) | |
| ii) | Urinals | -- | -- | Nil up to 6 1 for 7-20 3 for 46-70 4 for 71-100 | -- | 1 per 50 | -- |
Table No.12-PSanitation Requirements – Airports and Railway Stations | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Fixtures | Junction Stations, Intermediate Stations and Bus Stations | Terminal Railway and Bus Stations | Domestic and International Airports | |||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
| i) | Water- closet | 3 for up to 1000 Add 1 per additional 1000 or part thereof | 4 for up to 1000 Add 1 per additional 1000 or part thereof | 4 for up to 1000 Add 1 per additional 1000 or part thereof | 5 for up to 1000 Add 1 per additional 1000 or part thereof | Minimum - 2 for 200 - 2 For 400 - 9 For 600 - 12 For 800 - 16 | Minimum - 2 For 200 - 2 For 400 - 9 For 600 - 12 For 800 - 16 For 1000 - 18 |
| ii) | Urinals | 4 for up to 1000. Add 1 per additional 1000 | -- | 6 for up to 1000. Add 1 per additional 1000 | -- | 1 per 40 or part thereof | -- |
| iii) | Toilet for Disabled | 1 per 4000 | 1 per 4000 | 1 per 4000 | 1 per 4000 | 1 per 4000 (Minimum 1) | 1 per 4000 (Minimum 1) |
Related Regulations
You can visit our other blogs related to Regulations 12 through the below-mentioned links
Drainage and Sanitation Requirements in UDCPR 2020
Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitary Requirements in UDCPR 2020
Alternatives Materials, Methods of Design & Construction, and Tests in UDCPR 2020
Building Services in UDCPR 2020
Quality of Materials and Workmanship in UDCPR 2020
For the construction of any building, there is a restriction of floor space to be used. It is called as FSI (Floor space Index). Also, we have to provide distance from the plot boundary which is called as marginal distance or setbacks.
UDCPR 2020 Chapter 6 is all about Regulations for FSI & Marginal distance.
This is Applicable to all Planning Authorities and Regional Plan Areas except Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Other Planning Authorities/Special Planning Authorities/ Development Authorities within the limit of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, MIDC, NAINA, Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, Hill Station Municipal Councils, Eco-sensitive/Eco-fragile region notified by MoEF & CC and Lonavala Municipal Council, in Maharashtra.
Rule No. 6.10 Height Of Building
This regulation shall be applicable for buildings to be constructed in all land use zones, unless and otherwise specified in the respective regulation.
6.10.1 (i) The height of the building shall be allowed to the extent mentioned below subject to the approval of the Chief Fire Officer of the Authority or Director of Fire services, if required, under these regulations.
| Sr. No. | Authority / Area | Permissible height (m.) excluding parking floor up to 6.0 m. height |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | For Pune, Pimpri-Chinchwad, Nagpur, Nashik, Municipal Corporations in MMR and Metropolitan Authorities area (2) and Area Development Authorities, Special Planning Authorities (3) CIDCO as Planning Authority by Virtue of NTDA within these areas. | Permissible height as per approval from the Fire Department. |
| 2. | For the remaining Municipal Corporations area (2) and Area Development Authorities, Special Planning Authorities within these areas. | 70 |
| 3. | For All Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats, Nonthe Municipal Council D.P., and Regional Plan areas. | 50 |
Provided that higher height may be allowed in case of Integrated Township Project where a fire station and fire-fighting facilities are to be constructed/provided. Also, if such facilities are available in nearby areas of the project, then buildings of higher heights may be allowed in such projects. However, a necessary certificate to that effect and NOC shall be produced from the Director of Fire Services.
(ii) The building height is up to 24.0 m. shall be allowed on roads less than 12.0 m. For a building having a height of more than 24.0 m., the minimum road width shall be 12.0 m.
(iii)For buildings in the vicinity of aerodromes, the maximum height of buildings shall be subject to parameters framed by the Civil Aviation Authorities, or the development permission shall be considered only after the applicant produces NOC from the Airport Authority.
(iv) (a) In addition to (iii), for Industrial Chimneys in the vicinity of aerodromes, it shall be of such height and character as prescribed by Civil Aviation Authorities, and all Industrial Chimneys shall be of such character as prescribed by the Chief Inspector of Steam Boilers and Smoke Nuisance, and
(b) Buildings intended for hazardous godowns for storage of inflammable materials and storage of explosives shall be single-storied structures only.
(v) The buildings of height more than 70.0 m. shall be allowed subject to fulfilment of the requirements mentioned in Regulation No.6.12.
Rule No. 6.11 HEIGHT EXEMPTIONS
The appurtenant structures such as roof tanks and their supports, two toilets on the terrace not exceeding 8 sq.m. built-up area and height up to 3.0 m. in case of residential building, ventilating, air-conditioning structures, lift rooms and similar service equipment, stair cover, chimneys and parapet walls and architectural features not exceeding height allowed in these regulations, and Solar panels not exceeding 1.8 m. in height shall not be included in computation of height of building.
Rule No. 6.12 REQUIREMENTS IN CASE OF BUILDING MORE THAN 70.0 M. HEIGHT
It is mandatory for all the high rise buildings to comply with the requirements of Structural Design and Stability, Geo-technical and other aspects, and Fire Safety norms as per provisions of UDCPR, Maharashtra Fire (Prevention and Life Safety Measures) Act, 2006, and National Building Code of India, amended from time to time, for the aspects not covered in UDCPR. The certificates from structural and geo-technical engineers about the fulfillment of necessary requirements shall be attached with the application. The responsibility for the structural and other stability and safety of such high-rise buildings shall lie with the owner/developer and the concerned expert, consultant, and executants appointed by the owner/developer.
Rule No. 6.13 FSI OF LANDS AFFECTED BY HEMRL OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS
The lands that are affected by the restrictions of the High Energy Material Research Laboratory or provisions of other Central or State Government Acts, form the part of the entire land, then FSI of such affected land may be allowed to be utilized on the remaining contiguous land. However, sub-divisions of such land shall not be allowed.
Rule No. 6.14 PROVISION OF RECREATIONAL FLOOR
In the case of residential buildings having a height of more than 30.0 m., recreational floors may be allowed subject to the following -
i) The height of such floor shall be up to 4.5 m. and shall be open on all sides.
ii) Such floor shall be used for recreational purposes/activities, including the construction of a swimming pool, and shall be in addition to the recreational open space required as per UDCPR.
iii) One such floor may be allowed every 50.0 m. height; however, the first floor may be allowed after 30.0 m. height.
iv) Such floor shall not be counted in FSI; however, ancillary constructions like changing rooms, washrooms, etc. shall be computed in FSI.
Related Regulations to Rule No. 6 -
You can visit our other blogs on regulations through the below-mentioned links:
What is the Calculation of FSI Pline and its exemption in UDCPR 2020?
What are the Projections allowed in Front and Side Margin as per UDCPR 2020?
Industrial Building Regulations of FSI, Marginal Distances and Plot Area in UDCPR 2020
Regulations for Permissible FSI in Non Congested Area In Maharashtra in UDCPR 2020
What are the Setback, Marginal, Distance, Height in Non Congested Area in Maharashtra in UDCPR 2020
Rule No. 7.10 Incentive for Green Buildings
The Authority shall strive to promote green building concepts within the municipal area, (2) CIDCO as Planning Authority by Virtue of NTDA. In order to do so it may impanel agencies of repute as listed/recognized by the State/Central Government. The following incentives shall be provided for green-rated buildings.
i) Green buildings shall be entitled for incentive FSI as below.
GRIHA Three star/IGBC Silver/LEED silver/The ASSOCHAM GEM or equivalent
rating - 3% incentive FSI on basic FSI.
GRIHA Four star/IGBC Gold/LEED Gold /The ASSOCHAM GEM or equivalent rating - 5% incentive FSI on basic FSI.
GRIHA Five star / IGBC Platinum/LEED Platinum/The ASSOCHAM GEM or equivalent rating - 7% incentive FSI on basic FSI.
Achieving minimum GRIHA Three star/IGBC Silver/LEED silver/The ASSOCHAM GEM or equivalent rating for construction projects shall be mandatory for all buildings belonging to Government, semi-government, local bodies, and public sector undertakings.
ii) Incentive FSI will be awarded after pre-certification from the impanelled agency. This FSI shall be exclusive of the limits specified in this UDCPR.
iii) In case the developer fails to achieve a committed rating as per pre-certification at the time of final occupancy, a penalty shall be imposed at the rate 2 times of the land cost as per ASR for the incentive FSI for the rating not achieved.
Related Regulations to Rule No. 7
Redevelopment of Existing Buildings in UDCPR 2020
Development of Housing for EWS and LIG in UDCPR 2020
Regulations for Development of Information Technology Establishment, Data Centers in UDCPR 2020
Regulation for Development of Biotechnology Parks in UDCPR 2020
Buildings of Smart Fin Tech Centre in UDCPR 2020
UDCPR 2020 Chapter 8 is all about the Parking, Loading, and Unloading Spaces as per mentioned in the UDCPR
This is Applicable to all Planning Authorities and Regional Plan Areas except Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Other Planning Authorities/Special Planning Authorities/ Development Authorities within the limit of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, MIDC, NAINA, Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, Hill Station Municipal Councils, Eco-sensitive/Eco-fragile region notified by MoEF & CC and Lonavala Municipal Council, in Maharashtra.
Rule No. 8.1 Parking Spaces
Wherever a property is to be developed or redeveloped, parking spaces at the scale laid down in these Regulations shall be provided. A parking plan showing the parking spaces along with manoeuvring spaces/aisles shall be submitted as a part of the building plan. When additions are made to an existing building, the new parking requirements will be reckoned with reference to the additional space only and not to the whole of a building but this concession shall not apply where the use is changed. The provisions for parking of vehicles for different occupancies shall be as given in Table No.8-A.
8.1.1 General Space Requirements
i) Location of Parking Spaces
The parking spaces include parking spaces in basements or on a floor supported by stilts, podiums or on upper floors, covered or uncovered spaces or in separate buildings in the plot and/or lock-up garages. The height of the stilt shall not be less than 2.4 m. from the bottom of the beam. In the case of stack parking, a height of up to 4.5 m. may be allowed.
ii) Size of Parking Space
The minimum sizes of parking spaces to be provided shall be as shown below in Table No.8-A
Table No.8-A - Parking Space Requirement | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sr.No. | Type of Vehicle | Minimum size/area of parking space |
| 1 | Motor Vehicle | 2.5 m. x 5.0 m. |
| 2 | Scooter, Motor Cycle | 1.0 m. x 2.0 m. |
| 3 | Transport Vehicle/ Ambulance/Mini Bus | 3.75 m. x 7.5 m. |
Note :
(a) In the case of parking spaces for motor vehicles, up to 50 per cent of the prescribed space may be of the size of 2.3 m.x4.5 m.
(b) Minimum size of parking space in mechanized / puzzle parking system shall be 2.3 m. x 5.8 m. for big cars and 2.1 m. x 5.0 m. for small cars.
iii) Marking of Parking Spaces
Parking space shall be paved and clearly marked for different types of vehicles.
iv) Manoeuvring and Other Ancillary Spaces
Off-street parking space must have adequate vehicular access to a street and the area shall be exclusive of drives, aisles and such other provisions required for adequate manoeuvring of vehicles. The width of drive for motor vehicles and scooters, and motorcycles shall be a minimum of 3.00 m. and 2.00 m. respectively.
v) Composite parking
The composite parking of vehicles like one car with two scooters may be allowed. Also, six scooters parking may be allowed to be converted into one car parking. In such cases, drives or aisles shall be required, taking into consideration entire composite parking.
vi) Bus bay for schools/multiplex/malls/assembly buildings/group housing
For these occupancies, being a special building, a bus bay of the required size shall be provided within the premise or along the main road on which the plot abuts. This shall be applicable for housing schemes having more than 500 flats.
vii) Ramps for Basement Parking
Ramps for parking in the basement should conform to the requirement of Regulation No.9.12
viii) Other Parking Requirements
a) To meet the parking requirements as per these regulations, a common parking area for a group of buildings, open or multi-storeyed, may be allowed on the same premises.
b) In addition to the parking spaces provided for the building of Mercantile (Commercial) like office, market, departmental store, shopping mall and building of industrial and storage, loading and unloading spaces shall be provided at the rate of one space for each 1000 sq.m. of floor carpet area or fraction thereof exceeding the first 200 sq.m. of floor area, shall be provided. The space shall not be less than 3.75 m. x 7.5 m. subject to a maximum requirement of 4 such parking spaces for office buildings and 6 parking spaces for other buildings. However, in the case of the office building, such parking spaces shall not exceed more than 4.
c) Parking lock-up garages shall be included in the F.S.I. calculations.
d) The space to be left out for parking as given in this regulation shall be in addition to the marginal open spaces left out for lighting and ventilation purposes as given in these regulations. These spaces may be used for parking provided a minimum distance of 3.0 m. (6.0 m. in case of special building mentioned in Regulation No.2.2.8) around the buildings is kept free of any parking or loading and unloading spaces, except the building as mentioned in Clause (c) above. Such a parking area adjoining the plot boundary may be allowed to be covered on top by sheet roofing, so as not to infringe the marginal distance to be kept open as specified above. Further, such sheet roofing shall not include the area adjoining the plot boundary to be used for tree plantation as mentioned in Regulation No.3.4.1(iii), if any.
e) In case of parking spaces provided in basements, at least two separate ramps of adequate width and slope for entry and exit shall be provided preferably at opposite ends. One ramp may be provided as specified in Regulation No.9.12.
f) Mechanical/Hydraulic/Stack parking/Parking tower may be permitted at 1.5 m. in side and rear margin under the following circumstances -
1. Minimum 6.0 m. The driveway shall be kept clear from all kinds of obstructions for easy manoeuvrability of fire and rescue appliances like ambulances. For buildings defined as high-rise buildings and special buildings in these regulations, 9.0 m. turning circle around the building shall be maintained.
2. For Non-Special buildings as defined in these regulations, such distance shall not be less than 3.0 m.
3. Such mechanical/hydraulic/parking towers may be permitted to touch the building on the dead wall side. Provided that the dead wall must be a 2-hour fire-rated wall.
4. The fire protection arrangement as per storage building will be made applicable to such parking towers as per Table - 7 of Part - 4 of NBC - 2016.
Related Regulations to Rule No. 8
Off Street Parking Requirement in UDCPR 2020
Whenever you see a town planning map or a blue print, you come across various terms like open space, amenity space. Here is details explanation in common man’s language for construction related building rules.
FSI (Floor Space Index)
- In general language FSI means permissible built up area on any plot. It is calculated by dividing Built up area by Plot Area.
- FSI = built up area/Plot area.
- E.g. – If permissible FSI for a plot of 1000 Sqft. is 1.10, then we can construct 1100 Sqft. of built up area. (say 225 Sqft on 4 floors or 550SqFt on 2 floors)
- Ducts, Parking floor, basement, architectural treatment are not considered while calculating FSI.
- Depending upon planning authority by-laws, balcony, terrace, staircase, lift, lift machine room are deducted from FSI on payment of premium.
Check FSI in pune https://foot2feet.com/construction-calculator/pmc/fsi-in-pune/
Open Space
- Open space is the space left for recreational activities for the user of that plot. It remains part of the same land under ownership of society.
- Generally we have to leave 10% of total plot area for any building or layout permission.
- Depending upon by-laws smaller plots, gunthewari plots, N.A. plots do not require open space area.
Amenity space
- Generally for plot above 1 acre require 15% amenity space.
- Amenity space is a space to be left for government for planning various public amenities like school, hospital library, fire stations, police chowki etc.
- This space is to be handed over to govt. and owner gets FSI as compensation for land. (In short there is only loss of space but no loss of FSI)
- N.A. plots and smaller plots do not require amenity space.
Paid FSI (Fungible FSI)
- It is additional FSI on any plot after payment of premium amount to planning authority.
- This premium amount depends upon ready reckoner rate of same land.
TDR (Transferable development rights)
- Due to planning authority reservations FSI of one land cannot be utilized entirely on same plot. Hence Government allow plot holder to sell or transfer FSI of his plot. This is called Transferable Development Rights. Buying TDR is like buying virtual land.
- Buyer of TDR can do extra construction on his land.
- One cannot load more TDR than permissible on that land. Maximum Permissible TDR on any plot depends upon Access Road, Land Zone etc…
Checkout The detail information about Transferable Development Rights (TDR) https://foot2feet.com/site/tdr_transferable_development_rights/
Road Widening
- Area of plot falling under proposed or existing road is called as road widening area.
- FSI of this area can be utilized on same plot or converted into TDR.
Carpet area
- Before RERA Carpet area was considered as tile able area in property. It includes room floor area, Balcony area, terrace area, tile area at door jams etc…
- But After RERA (Real Estate Regulatory Act 2016) have modified carpet area concept a bit.
- According to RERA, carpet area include following things
- Room Area
- Internal wall area (wall between 2 rooms of same apartment)
- Dry balcony area (separately mentioned)
- Enclosed Balcony area (separately shown if any)
- Terrace area (separately mentioned) the only difference between RERA carpet & old carpet is that internal wall area is added in RERA carpet.
Built up Area
- Built up area term is most commonly used term in constriction industry. & at same time it has various meaning at various situations. Hence it is necessary to clarify area included or excluded while discussing with built up area. eg –
- For government approvals it is the area covered by a building on all floors including cantilevered portion, mezzanine floors if any but excepting the areas excluded specifically from FSI.
- For buyer / user – It is usable construction area which includes parking, floor area, but excluding footing & foundation area.
- For contractor it is total construction area including parking, 50 % footing, water tank etc.., but excluding top terrace area.
Conveyance Deed
Any construction consists of 2 most important factors first is b.up area & 2nd is land on which building is constructed. After completion of construction builder/developer was supposed to transfer land in name of society (or association of apartment). This transfer process is called as conveyance deed. A survey shows that in almost 80% society this process was not completed.
You can check the more information about conveyance deed here https://foot2feet.com/construction-services/legal-services/conveyance-deed/
Building Control Line
It is the line up to which we can build construction according to planning authority / or any government authority.
Non Agriculture (NA)
- Any land (except land in Gaothan area) is by default agriculture land in India. It is assumed as non-agriculture land only and only after taking NA permission (Non Agricultural use permission) from collector.
- A copy of land conversion is called as NA order.
- For NA land zone plays important role. (Agriculture, industrial , residential)
- Depend upon zone NA can be done. Eg – Industrial NA, farmhouse NA, residential NA, commercial NA.
- NA and R-zone are commonly misunderstood.
- In simple words, NA is procedure to change tax on any land due to change in use of land.
- NA land not necessary to be residential land all time, and similarly residential land not necessarily to be NA land.
- A land which is in residential zone, but its use according to collector/revenue department is agriculture, then the land is not NA. (but this land can be converted into NA after completing NA procedure.)
You can Check more information about Non Agriculture here – https://foot2feet.com/site/na_order_land_conversion/
Side Margin
Side margin is distance to be kept from plot boundary to building line as per Regulations. Calculate how much side margin you need to keep for your building.
https://foot2feet.com/construction-calculator/pmc/side-margin-calculator/
Ready Reckoner Rate
Government rates of land, property is called as ready reckoner rate. These rates are published and regulated by the respective state government. Find Out Ready Reckoner Rates in Pune here – http://www.igrmaharashtra.gov.in/eASR/frmMap.aspx
R zone (residential)
It is a zone demarcated as residential area in development plan mostly it shown in yellow color any agriculture land cannot converted in residential zone it agriculture / vanikaran land must pass certain criteria for zone conversion. you can use our site feasibility service to know whether your land can be converted or not.
You can check all Types of Land zone
https://foot2feet.com/blog/types-of-land-zone-its-benefits/
Residential zones – R1 / R2
- Residential Zone R1 includes Residential plots abutting on roads below 9 m. in congested area and below 12 m. width in outside congested area
- Residential Zone R2 includes Residential plots abutting on road having existing or proposed width 9 m. and above in congested area and 12 m. and above in outside congested area